{"id":1160,"date":"2022-03-11T18:40:45","date_gmt":"2022-03-11T17:40:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/flc\/"},"modified":"2025-05-15T11:27:26","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T09:27:26","slug":"flc","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/flc\/","title":{"rendered":"FLC"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kappa and Lambda Free Light Chains<\/h2>\n

The immunoglobulin light chain is the small polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). The molecular weight of both light chains (\u03ba or \u03bb) is approximately 22-25 kD.
\nImmunoglobulin molecules are composed of two identical heavy chains (\u03b1, \u03b4, \u03b5, \u03b3 or \u00b5) – which define the immunoglobulin classes (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM) – and two identical light chains (\u03ba or \u03bb).
\nEach light chain is linked covalently to a heavy chain, and the two heavy chains are covalently linked together. Only one type of light chain is present in an antibody.
\nIn a healthy individual, most of the light chains in serum are bound to heavy chains.
\nHowever, a low level of free light chains (FLC) is found in the serum of normal individuals due to the over-production and secretion of FLC, compared to the heavy chains one, by the plasma cells.
\nIn serum \u03ba free light chain (\u03ba-FLC) exists predominantly as monomer and \u03bb free light chain (\u03bb-FLC) as a covalently linked dimer.
\nThis difference results in a differential glomerular filtration rate for \u03ba- FLC and \u03bb- FLC.
\nFLCs are observed in urine. The urinary FLC level is low, in healthy individuals, due to filtration and reabsorption of low molecular weight polypeptides in the kidney.
\nIn the event of plasma cell dyscrasias (such as multiple myeloma and other monoclonal gammopathies), plasma cells frequently generate large quantities of monoclonal FLC (i.e. produced by a single clone).
\nElevated serum levels of polyclonal FLC may be associated with autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus.
\nIn addition to the FLC increased concentration in the serum, the FLC overproduction generates the condition of exceeding the tubular reabsorption capacity in the kidney.
\nThe appearance of higher levels of FLC in urine may be suggestive of kidney disease or malignant lymphoproliferative disease. The monoclonal urinary FLC associated with lymphoid malignancy is called a Bence Jones protein (1).<\/p>\n

The products dedicated to the characterization of these analytes constitute the heart of New Scientific Company which, first in the world, proposed them in 1988, obtaining an international patent.
\nThanks to the use of dedicated kits, it is possible to determine the qualitative and \/ or quantitative determination of Free Light Chains in non-concentrated urine, cerebrospinal fluid and other biological fluids.
\nThe analytical method, in the liquid phase, is based on direct immunoreaction towards the \u201cHidden\u201d antigenic determinants, ie those not accessible in the presence of the bond of light chains with heavy chains in intact immunoglobulin.
\nMany years of expertise and the use of specific antisera adsorbed against human Free Light Chains guarantee the formulation of products characterized by reliability, specificity and high diagnostic value.<\/p>\n

Reference<\/em><\/p>\n

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    \n
  • \u00a0Dispenzieri A. et al.: “International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for serum free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders” – Leukemia 2009; 23: 215-224.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

     <\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n

    Search IFU<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

    <\/p>\n


    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n
    \n<\/form>\n

    *Mandatory field<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    For Beckman Coulter Immage\u00ae 800 Analyzer<\/span><\/h4>\n
    The Free Light Chains \u201cIMG\u201d Kit, when used in conjunction with Beckman Coulter Immage\u00ae 800 Analyzer, is intended for the separately quantitative determination of Free Light Chains Kappa (FRK) and Lambda (FRL) in unconcentrated urine.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Kit Code<\/strong><\/td>\nK.IMG.FRK.FRL<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Antiserum Reagents<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nR.IMG.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 2,4 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nR.IMG.FRL<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 2,4 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Accessory Reagent<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Reagent \u201cB\u201d FLC<\/td>\nR.IMG.FLC.B<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 3 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Calibrators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRL<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Prediluted Calibrator Set
    \nFree Light Chains kappa-lambda
    \nSet of ready-to-use Calibrators<\/td>\n    		W.SET.UPC.FRK.FRL<\/td>\n5 + 5 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Controls<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nmedium value<\/span><\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.LV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.LV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Key<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25cf<\/span><\/td>\nReagents included in the kit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25ac<\/td>\nCorrelated reagents not included in the kit. They are available separately.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    For Beckman Siemens BN\u2122 series Analyzers<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
    The Free Light Chains \u201cBNA\u201d Kit, when used in conjunction with Siemens “BN\u2122 series” Analyzers (BNA, BN100, BNII, ProSpec), is intended for the quantitative determination of Free Light Chains Kappa (FRK) and Lambda (FRL) in unconcentrated urine.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Kit Code<\/strong><\/td>\nK.BNA.FRK.FRL<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Antiserum Reagents<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nR.BNA.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 4 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nR.BNA.FRL<\/td>\n\u00a01 vial \u2013 4 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Calibrators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRL<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Controls<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.LV-3<\/td>\n\u00a03 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.MV-3<\/td>\n\u00a03 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.LV-3<\/td>\n\u00a03 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Key<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25cf<\/span><\/td>\nReagents included in the kit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25ac<\/td>\nCorrelated reagents not included in the kit. They are available separately.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    For Beckman Abbott Alinity\u2122 c Analyzer<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
    The Free Light Chains Lambda \u201cABT\u201d Kit, when used in conjunction with the Abbott Alinity\u2122 c Analyzer, is intended for the quantitative determination of Free Light Chains Lambda (FRL) in unconcentrated urine.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n
    Kappa Free Light Chains (FRK)<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kit Code<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nK.ABT.FRK-C02<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Antiserum Reagent<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nR.ABT.FRK-C02<\/td>\n1 cartridge \u2013 24 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Calibrator<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial\u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Controls<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.LV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Key<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25cf<\/span><\/td>\nReagents included in the kit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25ac<\/td>\nCorrelated reagents not included in the kit. They are available separately.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \n
    Lambda Free Light Chains (FRL)<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Kit Code<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\nK.ABT.FRL-C02<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Antiserum Reagent<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nR.ABT.FRL-C02<\/td>\n1 cartridge \u2013 24 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Calibrator<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRL<\/td>\n1 vial\u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Controls<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.LV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Key<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25cf<\/span><\/td>\nReagents included in the kit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25ac<\/td>\nCorrelated reagents not included in the kit. They are available separately.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    For Beckman Abbott Architect\u2122 series (c4000 – c8000 – c16000) Analyzer<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
    The Free Light Chains \u201cITA\u201d Kit, when used in conjunction with the Abbott Architect\u2122 series (c4000 – c8000 – c16000), is intended for the separately quantitative determination of Free Light Chains Kappa (FRK) and Lambda (FRL) in unconcentrated urine.<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Kit Code<\/strong><\/td>\nK.ITA.FRK.FRL<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Antiserum Reagents<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nR.ITA.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 18 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nR.ITA.FRL<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 18 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Calibrators<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRK<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda<\/td>\nW.UPC.FRL<\/td>\n1 vial \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25cf<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Controls\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains kappa Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRK.LV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nmedium value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.MV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Free Light Chains lambda Control
    \nlow value<\/td>\n    		Y.UPR.FRL.LV-3<\/td>\n3 vials \u2013 1 ml<\/td>\n\u25ac<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Key<\/strong><\/em><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25cf<\/span><\/td>\nReagents included in the kit.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u25ac<\/td>\nCorrelated reagents not included in the kit. They are available separately.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/form>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kappa and Lambda Free Light Chains The immunoglobulin light chain is the small polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1160","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1160"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2207,"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1160\/revisions\/2207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/newscientific.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}